heja_pappaledighet

Öronmärkt pappaledighet

Pappakvot i föräldraförsäkringen verkar ha stor betydelse för huruvida pappor tar ut föräldraledighet från jobbet. Exempel från de Nordiska länderna.

Visste du att Norge var det första landet i världen att införa öronmärkt pappaledighet? 

Sverige var på 70-talet först ut i världen med delbar föräldraledighet, men det var först efter Norges exempel på 90talet som Sverige också öronmärkte pappaveckor. Studier verkar enhälligt visa att det är först när dagar öronmärkts som det fått effekt och pappor börjat ta ut ledighet. 

Sedan 2000 har andelen dagar som tas ut av pappor ökat i alla nordiska länder, om än långsamt. Särskilt i Danmark går det trögt. När de tog bort sina två(!!) veckors öronmärkta pappaledighet efter 4 års ’prov’ för 20 år sedan så sjönk åter andelen dagar som togs ut av pappor. Nu ökar det alltså sakta, och enligt dansk forskning beror det delvis på en förändring av normer, där män inspireras av andra män. En annan orsak är att allt fler arbetsgivare skriver in rätten till pappaledighet i sina kollektivavtal.

Sverige och Island har idag längst pappaledighetskvot i världen i sina system (3 månader) och i båda länderna tar pappor i snitt ut ca 30% av den totala föräldraledigheten. I Danmark tas ca 10 % av föräldraledigheten ut av pappor.

I alla länder är systemen utformade efter en heterosexuell kärnfamiljsnorm och det skiljer sig endel i hur föräldraförsäkringen slår för olika grupper i olika länder. Det verkar dock inte finnas så mycket forskning på det området. 

Gällande föräldraförsäkringen kan man ju tycka vad man vill om statens inblandning vs familjens egna valfrihet. Men, om man generellt vill att pappor ska ta ut föräldraledighet från jobbet så verkar ju pappakvot ha önskad effekt.

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